Medias (5)
Images (5)
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Iconographies > Bateria do Zavial - 007897
Traça do reducto do Siuial [Material cartográfico] / q[ue] fes aa sua custa o Sor don Luis de Sousa, conde do Prado e gouernador e capitão geral do reyno do Algarue p[ara] defensa da pescaria dos Atuns e da costa. Desenho aguarelado, s.d. [1629-1633]. Acervo: Madrid, RAH, Departamento de Cartografía y Artes Gráficas. Signatura: C-I c 73 p. In: Biblioteca Virtual del Patrimonio Bibliográfico. Disponível em: http://bvpb.mcu.es/es/consulta/resultados_busqueda.cmd?autor_numcontrol=&materia_numcontrol=&id=73507&posicion=4&forma=ficha Consultado em: 27 mai 2018,Licença: Domínio Público (Autor falecido há mais de 70 anos) - Date: 1629 - 1633
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Iconographies > Bateria do Zavial - 007898
Fortaleza do Zavial. Desenho aguarelado, Romão José do Rego, 1754(?). Acervo: ANTT, PT-TT-MR-1-71_m0010. Disponível em: http://digitarq.dgarq.gov.pt/viewer?id=4242960. Consultado em: 27 mai 2018.Licença: Domínio Público (Autor falecido há mais de 70 anos). - Date: 1754
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Iconographies > Bateria do Zavial - 007899
Situação das baterias da Ponta da Piedade (A), de Porto de Mós (B), do Zavial (C) e do Burgau (D). Desenho aguarelado, José Sande de Vasconcelos, 1788. Acervo: GEAEM/DIE, 301-1-8A-96.Licença: Domínio Público (Autor falecido há mais de 70 anos). - Date: 1788
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Iconographies > Bateria do Zavial - 003978
"38. Bateria do Azevial", Portugal. Desenho aguarelado, VASCONCELOS, José de Sande. "Mapa da Configuração de Todas as Praças, Fortalezas e Baterias do Reino do Algarve", c. 1790.Licença: Domínio Público (Autor falecido há mais de 70 anos). - Date: 1790
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Iconographies > Bateria do Zavial - 007900
Bataria do Azivial. Desenho aguarelado, Baltazar de Azevedo Coutinho (ca. 1798). Acervo: ANTT; PT-TT-CRT-211_m0059. Disponível em: http://digitarq.arquivos.pt/details?id=4499965. Consultado em: 27 mai 2018.Licença: Domínio Público (Autor falecido há mais de 70 anos), - Date: 1798
A "Bateria do Zavial" localiza-se sobre a ponta de mesmo nome, na freguesia da Raposeira, concelho de Vila do Bispo, distrito de Faro, em Portugal.
Situada no topo da falésia entre as praias da Ingrina e do Zavial, sucedeu o "Forte de Santo Ignácio do Zavial", seiscentista, na defesa da praia e porto do Zavial, onde existia uma almadrava (armação) da pesca do atum.
História
Antecedentes
A informação documental mais antiga sobre a área do Zavial é um Alvará, datado de 24 de novembro de 1569, pelo qual Sebastião I de Portugal (1568-1678) nomeou a Pedro Dias como Mandador da Armação de Pesca do Zavial.
Mais tarde, no contexto da União Ibérica (1580-1640), Alexandre Massai relacionava os lugares de Almádena e do Azavial como merecedores de fortificação ("Descripcaõ do Reino do Algarve…", 1617/1618), para proteger as almadravas (armações) da pesca de atum ali existentes e aquele trecho da costa dos ataques de corsários e piratas. Também por Alvará, datado de 2 de janeiro de 1618, Filipe III de Espanha (1598-1621) fez mercê ao padre Vicente Freira da Capelania da Armação de Pesca do Zavial, com a obrigação de dizer missa aos domingos e dias santos, o que demonstra um aumento da importância da área.
O Forte de Santo Ignácio do Zavial
Sob o reinado de Filipe IV de Espanha (1621-1665), D. Luís de Sousa, futuro conde do Prado, tomou posse do cargo de Governador e Capitão General do Reino do Algarve (1629). No ano seguinte (1630), Rodrigo Rebelo Falcão, Provedor das Almadravas do Reino do Algarve, por carta de 15 de maio, solicitou a defesa dos "portos de Almádena e Azavial por estarem expostos e oferecidos a maior perigo". É possível que algum tipo de defesa houvesse sido improvisado à época, uma vez que, de acordo com o relato de D. Luís de Sousa ao Conselho da Fazenda, datado de 20 de outubro de 1633, ao térmi
no de seu governo, se informou que existiam duas torres de vigia - a "Torre de Aspa" e a "Torre do Azavial" -, por ele reedificadas, pois que as encontrara "por terra" e "sem nenhum uso". Informa ainda que deu início à construção, às suas expensas, do Forte de Santo Ignácio do Zavial, ficando apenas a cisterna por construir.
O forte foi inspecionado em 1754 por D. Rodrigo António de Noronha e Meneses, Governador do Reino do Algarve, que o encontrou em regular estado de conservação, artilhado com duas peças de bronze dos calibres 12 a 8, registando que necessitava de mais armamento. No ano seguinte (1755), entretanto, o terramoto de 1 de novembro (e consequente maremoto) causou o desmoronamento do forte.
A Bateria do Zavial
Tendo sido priorizadas as obras de reconstrução da defesa de Lagos, no contexto da chamada "Guerra Fantástica" (1762–1763) em 1 de agosto de 1763 o marquês de Louriçal, Governador do Reino do Algarve, solicitou a D. Luís da Cunha a construção da Bateria do Zavial, para a defesa daquele ancoradouro. Um pouco mais tarde, por relatório de 18 de julho de 1765, o Sargento-Mor de Engenharia, Romão José do Rego, manifestou-se contra a reconstrução do arruinado Forte de Santo Inácio, recomendando a instalação de uma bateria no local. Uma bateria foi então erguida, encontrando-se, entretanto, parcialmente em ruínas já em 1788. Em 1792, a guarnição era composta por um cabo e dois soldados do Regimento de Infantaria de Lagos, e três artilheiros.
Da Guerra Peninsular aos nossos dias
As vésperas da Guerra Peninsular (1807-1814), por Alvará de 27 de setembro de 1805, o Príncipe Regente D. João determinou que todas as fortificações desde a Bateria do Zavial, a Oeste, até ao Forte de São José (Forte da Meia Praia), a Leste, ficariam dependentes da Praça-forte de Lagos. Ficavam extintos, por se encontrarem destru
ídos ou não ser aconselhável a sua conservação, todos os outros pontos fortificados não incluídos no Alvará.
Os informes subsequentes dão conta do processo de ruína da estrutura: o relatório de 18 de abril de 1821 do tenente-Coronel do Regimento de Artilharia n.º 2, João Vieira da Silva, dá conta de que existiam na Bateria do Zavial, apenas três peças de artilharia de ferro em muito mau estado; em 1840 a Bateria encontrava-se abandonada.
No século XX, por Despacho do Sub-Secretário de Estado da Guerra, datado de 24 de junho de 1938, as ruínas da Bateria do Zavial (prédio militar nº 1 da Praça de Lagos), foram entregues ao Ministério das Finanças. Finalmente, a 21 de abril de 1943 a Bateria do Zavial foi inscrita na Matriz Urbana da Freguesia da Raposeira, como pertencente ao Estado.
Atualmente em ruínas, subsistem apenas vestígios da sua edificação no terreno, sem qualquer tipo de classificação ou proteção legal.
Características
Exemplar de arquitetura militar, abaluartado, marítimo.
O Forte de Santo Inácio foi erguido num ilhéu rochoso, junto à arriba costeira, à qual se ligava por ponte dormente e levadiça, após inicialmente ter sido escolhida uma ponta, que foi preterida por o ilhéu oferecer melhores condições de defesa da armação e da própria fortificação. Na planta do forte, nesta ponta está assinalada uma torre de vigia. De planta poligonal, de acordo com a forma do rochedo em que se edificou, possuía alojamentos para os pescadores da armação, que o guarneciam, e possuía uma bateria voltada para o mar.
A bateria, edificada em terra firme, com três faces sobre o mar, era aberta pela “gola” e artilhada com três peças recuperadas do antigo forte, dispostas à barbeta. A parte ocupada pelo corpo da guarda, de planta quadrada, recuada relativamente à bateria e sem comunicação edificada com ela.
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Use horizontal roll bar to show all available videos. o Click on video miniatures you want in order to load available information about it – they are showed at the same window which previously had the main text. o At the view window there are: video title, your identification number (ID), a description about its content, video credits, date of realization and user name who registered the file – can be fortification’s tutor or other contributor user (see below information about “Contributions” item). Click on contributor’s name to access available information about this user. o Beside these information, there is a frame icon with the file size (Kb). Click on frame icon to open and watch it. o On the base of the visualization’s window, you can access other available videos with Previous and Next commands. 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Click on contributor’s name to access his available information. o Click on image, on visualization area, to open the original file on other window of your Web Browser, usually it is in a bigger size, with a better visualization. You can get the same result by clicking on " See image at original size" link. o Below visualization window, Previous and Next commands allow to access other available images. 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Use horizontal roll bar to show all Panoramic available. o Click on panoramic miniature wanted to load its available information which are at the same window previously busy by the main text. o On visualization window, there are not only the image but: its title, its classification category, its identification number (ID), a description about its content, its realization date and credits, name of the user who registered it (publisher), can be fortification tutor or other contributor (see below information about “Contributions” item). Click on contributor’s name to access his available information. Beside these information, there is a frame icon with the file size (KB). o Click on this frame to open it and see the panoramic. o Below visualization window, Previous and Next commands allow to access other available images. 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Researches can be done with each inquiry individually or by a combination of inquiries. • In “Project Author” and “Began in the governor of” is available a link to access the historical Character data listed there, forwarding to a section of fortalezas.org Website Characters. After this, use “Back” command and return to fortification visualization page. • Below parameterized data box there is an entitle box: Related Characters, where there are listed the name and the nationality (with an image) of historical characters related to the viewed fortification. Click on a name to view its information, forwarding to fortalezas.org Website Characters page. After this, use “Back” command and return to fortification visualization page. • Below related Characters box there is an entitled box: Related Bibliographies, where there are listed title, author and type (with an image) of those bibliographies related to the viewed fortification. 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Beside Contributor name is the date when he last contributed. • Below “Medias” sub item there are listed users that contributed to Tutor, adding a media to this fortification: image, video, panoramic or CAD Design. Beside user name, the number between parentheses informs the quantity of media files added by this user. • Click on Tutor name or those names which are contributors in order to view their available information. • Only for the users who are connected to fortalezas.org Website (logged in the restrict edition area), it is available an Edition option, which the register Tutor can change registered contents, and others users can contribute with an additional information about this fortification. • On top of page, the print icon opens a new window of your Web Browser, where it can be print all fortification content that you are viewing. In this print will be listed medias data without their images. To print it, see below, Medias Box – Images item. |